Angiotensin receptor blockers, also known by their abbreviated name ARB, are a relatively new addition to the family of medicines used to treat high blood pressure. Like other high blood pressure medicines, the ARBs are used to treat some related conditions, including:
- Congestive Heart Failure
- Diabetic kidney disease
ARBs are commonly used in people who cannot tolerate ACE inhibitors because of unwanted side effects.
ARBs work by blocking a specific type of receptor in the body, which is how they get their name. The specific receptor these drugs block is called AT1.
Blocking these receptors directly causes blood vessels to relax, which lowers blood pressure. This result, however, is only one piece of a very complex story - blocking the AT1 receptor also stops the production of other molecules which can act to increase blood pressure
There are a variety of ARBs available in the United States, all of which require a prescription. Common ARBs include:
- Candesartan
- Losartan
- Olmesartan
- Valsartan
- Telmisartan
There are other ARBs available, though they account for a very small and decreasing percentage of ARB use.
Angiotensin receptor blockers are generally well tolerated by most people, and serious side effects are rare. Some reported side effects of ARBs include:
- Dizziness
- Headache
- Runny nose
- Muscle cramps
A small percentage of people experience potentially serious side effects from ARBs, which can include:
- Hyperkalemia
- Altered Liver Function
- Kidney Impairment
There is some evidence suggesting that people who have experienced a specific type of side effect from ACE inhibitors may be more likely to have side effects from ARBs. If you have experienced side effects from an ACE inhibitor, make sure to tell your doctor.
Only you and your doctor can decide on a proper medication for treatment of high blood pressure. Be sure to notify your doctor if you are pregant or breastfeeding, and to supply the names of any other medicines and/or suppliments you are taking. Remember to include over-the-counter medicines like aspirin or Advil and herbal/natural suppliments.
